Neuroendocrine Control of Energy Balance
Our laboratory’s overarching goal seeks to understand the neuroendocrine systems regulating energy balance and motivated behaviors. Using multiple approaches from the cell to the whole organism and extensively examine the role of various neuroendocrine signaling systems (e.g., GLP-1, leptin, amylin, CCK, serotonin, glutamate, and dopamine) in peripheral and central control of food intake and body weight regulation.
Overall, our research program takes a novel systems-neuroscience approach aimed at enhancing the development of realistic pharmacological-based therapeutics to treat obesity and associated comorbidities (e.g. obesity, eating disorders, diabetes, drug addiction and nausea / malaise).
Hindbrain octadecaneuropeptide gliotransmission as a therapeutic target for energy balance control without nausea or emesis
Octadecaneuropeptide (ODN) is an anorexigenic peptide synthesized by glia in the hindbrain. Geisler et al. show that, in preclinical in vivo models, ODN improves glucose homeostasis and dose dependently reduces food intake without inducing nausea or vomiting. Similar beneficial results were observed through peripheral administration of a truncated version of ODN called TDN. This study indicates that ODN derivatives may be valuable for targeting weight and glycemic control without eliciting the common treatment side effects seen with GLP-1 receptor agonists
The locus coeruleus contributes to the anorectic, nausea, and autonomic physiological effects of glucagon-like peptide-1
These data contribute to a growing body of evidence that highlights the LC as a feeding-relevant nucleus. As the LC is known to express receptors for other neuropeptides relevant to energy balance regulation, future investigations aimed at characterizing the endogenous mechanism by which the LC participates in food intake control are warranted. Here, we characterize a previously unexplored site of action for endogenous and exogenous GLP-1 signaling. We show that LC GLP-1R activation suppresses food intake, engages autonomic responses, and results in illness-like behaviors. This insight is necessary to advance clinical strategies for the treatment of obesity with improved GLP-1 analogs, with the hope of mitigating the nausea pervasive to current existing GLP-1–based pharmacotherapies.
GPR-160 Receptor Signaling in the Dorsal Vagal Complex of Male Rats Modulates Meal Microstructure and CART-Mediated Hypophagia
This work shows that DVC GPR-160 signaling is at least partially responsible for CART’s well-established anorexigenic effects when delivered to the brainstem at pharmacological doses. This work also shows that DVC GPR-160 endogenous signaling regulates normal meal microstructure and begins to characterize the DVC cell types that express Gpr160.